Ralph W. Moss PhD
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 Today, about one-fifth of all German MDs practice either homoeopathy, Anthroposophical medicine, or phytotherapy (the German name for herbalism). Government commissions smoothly regulate homoeopathic, herbal and Anthroposophical medicine (313).
Rudolf Steiner's world view may seem hopelessly esoteric to an American, yet it is shared by a significant proportion of the German population, according to Johns Hopkins University professor Paul Unschuld. Many Germans apparently believe that the spiritual realm can be grasped as one grasps geometrical propositions. |
Larry Trivieri, Jr.
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 As part of the ongoing unifying efforts among members of the European community, European physicians, health professionals, and researchers have formed ESCOP, the European Scientific Cooperative for phytotherapy. This organization has published 60 monographs on individual herbs used in clinical medicine as well as for self-medication. These monographs represent the culmination of the scientific and therapeutic information known on each herb.11
Additionally, the United States Pharmacopoeia, the organization that has developed official standards for drugs in the U.S. |
Dr. Gary Null
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 Against Influenza and Herpes Simplex Viruses," phytotherapy Research 4, no. 3 (1990): 97-100.
The Chinese herbal medicine kanzo-bushi-to was shown, in mice, to help the immune system fight herpes.
R. Matsuo et al., "Effects of a Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine, Kanzo-Bushi-to, on the Resistance of Thermally Injured Mice Infected with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1," International Journal of Immunopharmacology 16, no. 10 (1994): 855-63. |
| Antidiabetic and Adaptogenic Properties of Momordica Charantia Extract: An Experiment and Clinical Evaluation," phytotherapy Research 7 (1993): 285-89.
Researchers found that in type II diabetics, 50 ml/day of bitter melon juice significantly reduced concentrations of blood glucose, and that a smaller yet still significant effect resulted from daily consumption of fried bitter melon as well.
B. A. Leatherdale et al., "Improvements in Glucose Tolerance Due to Momordica Charantia (Karela)," British Medical Journal 282 (1981): 1823-24.
A topical 0. |
Frantisek Stary
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 Current central European phytotherapy, however, is reserved in its use of the drug. It is far more popular in southern Europe where it is also recommended as a tonic remedy for exhaustion and depression. It corrects minor menstrual irregularities, its diuretic properties eliminate oedemas caused by cardio-vascular disorders, and it is recommended in the treatment of inflammation of the spleen and liver. The drug is used in the form of an infusion or briefly boiled decoction prepared from one teaspoon of the crumbled drug to one cup water and taken three to five times daily. |
| The outcome of this is that there has been a marked renewal of medical interest in classic phytotherapy.
The following text will acquaint the reader with the basic groups of active principles that are useful in the treatment of disease. The principal constituents of each of the illustrated species in this book are included in the accompanying description. The most important active constituents are the alkaloids, glycosides, essential oils, tannins and bitter principles ?products of secondary metabolism in plants. |
Rudolph M. Ballentine, M.D.
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 This much-touted book is a translation of the sixth German edition of the standard work on phytotherapy in Germany. It is rigorous, and includes only those herbal medicines well documented by scientific research. It is, as a result, somewhat restricted in scope.
Of Man and Plants, Maurice Messegue, Macmillan, New York, 1973. A fascinating anecdotal biography of France's most famous unschooled herbalists. Messegue learned his art from his father, and, applying it skillfully and intuitively, he became a minor celebrity, summoned to treat the famous in France and abroad. |
Mark Bricklin
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 Some of those therapies are a little on the exotic side—like phytotherapy, in which people with problems such as high blood pressure and chonic bronchitis spend ten minutes or so sniffing the fragrance of laurel, geranium or rosemary. (The fragrance of the geranium is said to be especially good for "acute headache, neurosis, high blood pressure and insomnia.") And if that sounds a little far-out, consider that these plants are "fertilized" with trace minerals, glucose and even drugs—including aspirin! |
Robert S. McCaleb, Evelyn Leigh, and Krista Morien
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 Aloe vera: antiulcer and antidiabetic effects. phytotherapy Research 1994; 8(8): 461-464.
12. Parmar MD,Tariq M, Al-Yahya MA, et al. Evaluation of aloe vera leaf exudate and gel for gastric and duodenal ulcer activity. Fitoterapia 1986; 57(5): 380-383.
13. Wang HH, Chung JG. Emodin-induced inhibition of growth and DNA damage in the Helicobacter pylori. Current Microbiology 1997;35: 262-266.
14. Wang HH, Chung JG, Ho CC. Aloe-emodin effects on arylamine n-acetyltransferase activity in the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. Planta Medica 1998; 64: 176-178.
15. Atherton P. Aloe vera revisited. |
Larry Trivieri, Jr.
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| Current phytotherapy indicates the use of the standardized extract of its seed (technically, the fruits) for a range of liver and gallbladder conditions, including hepatitis and cirrhosis. A wealth of laboratory and clinical research on this herb reveals its ability to reverse liver damage as well as offer protection from potentially toxic chemical agents. |
Robert S. McCaleb, Evelyn Leigh, and Krista Morien
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| Rational Phytotherapy: A Physician's Guide to Herbal Medicine, 3rd ed. New York: Springer -Verlag, 1998.
Walker LP. The Alternative Pharmacy. Paramus, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1998.
Weiss RF. Herbal Medicine. Beaconsfield, England: Beaconsfield Publishers, 1988.
Werbach M. Nutritional Influences on Illness. New Canaan, CT: Keats Publishing, 1988.
Werbach M. Nutritional Influences on Mental 111-ness.Tarzana, CA:Third Line Press, 1991.
Willard T. Textbook of Advanced Herbology. Alberta, Canada: Wild Rose College of Natural Healing, 1992.
Willard T. Textbook of Modern Herbology, 2nd ed. |
Larry Trivieri, Jr.
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| In addition to the above conditions, peppermint oil is approved by the European Scientific Cooperative in phytotherapy for gallbladder inflammation and gallstones and skin conditions such as pruritis (severe itching) and urticaria (eruption of wheals with intense itching).99
PYGEUM (PRUNUS AFRICANA OR PYGEUM AFRICANUM)
Pygeum bark comes from a hardwood tree in Africa and has become increasingly popular in Europe and the U.S. as a treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). |
| Rational Phytotherapy:A Physician's Guide to Herbal Med-icine.Volkcr Schulz,Rudi Hansel, andVarro E.Tyler. New York: SpringerVerlag, 2000.
Women's Herbs, Women's Health. Christopher Hobbs and Kathi Keville. Loveland, CO: Botanica Press, 1998.
All of these books are available from the American Botanical Council at www.herbalgram.org or (800) 373-7105, or from your local bookstore.
HOMEOPATHY
Homeopathy is a low-cost, nontoxic system of medicine used by hundreds of millions of people worldwide. |
| Director of the American phytotherapy Research Laboratory, in Lehi, Utah. Dr. Mowrey believes that putting aside the old concept of weight management in favor of fat management is more useful.40
There are a number of ways of measuring body fat, all of which are generally performed in a physician's office, health club, or weight-loss clinic. One method uses calipers to measure skinfold thickness at various points on the body. |
| HERBAL MEDICINE
Herbal medicine, also known as botanical medicine or phytotherapy, is the most ancient form of health care known to humankind. Herbs have been used in all cultures throughout history. Extensive scientific documentation now exists concerning their use for major and minor health conditions, including premenstrual syndrome, indigestion, insomnia, liver problems, and heart disease, among others.
T erbs have always been integral to the practice of JL JL, medicine. |
Robert S. McCaleb, Evelyn Leigh, and Krista Morien
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| Comparison of phytotherapy (Permixon®) with finasteride in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized international study of 1,098 patients. The Prostate 1996;29: 231-240.
7. Wallace E. Natural remedies for the prostate. Delicious! September 1995; 60-63.
8. Bach D, Ebeling L. Long-term drug treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia— results of a prospective 3-year multicenter study using Sabal extract IDS 89. Phytomed-icine 1996; 3(2): 105-111.
9. Kondas J, Philipp V. Sabal serrulata extract (Strogen forte®) in the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. |
Sheldon Saul Hendler and David Rorvik
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 An extract from Spirulina platensis is a selective inhibitor of herpes simplex virus type 1 penetration into HeLa cells. phytotherapy Res. 1993; 7:76-80.
Johnson PE, Shubert LE. Accumulation of mercury and other elements by spirulina (cyanophyceae). Nutr Rep Intl. 1986; 34:1063-1071.
Kim HM, Lee EH, Cho HH, Moon YH. Inhibitory effect of mast cell-mediated immediate-type allergic reactions in rats by spirulina. Biochem Pharmacol. 1998; 55:1071-1076.
Lissi EA, Pizarro M, Aspee A, Romay C. Kinetics of phycocyanine bilin groups destruction by peroxyl radicals. Free Rad Biol Med. |
Mark Bricklin
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| In the 20s and 30s, it seems to have been taken up with some eagerness by naturopaths, although these practitioners had so many different modes of therapy at their disposal, ranging from phytotherapy (plants) to heliotherapy (sunshine) that they did not seem to have been particularly excited about reflexology.
The art was then taken up by a masseuse, Eunice Ingham, who developed what she called the Ingham Reflex Method of Compression Massage, whose principles she elucidated in a number of privately printed books. |
Christian Ratsch
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 In European folk medicine and phytotherapy, Passiflora incarnata is taken as a tea or as part of a combination preparation for states of nervous unrest (Meier 1995b, 122; Wichtl 1989). In homeopathy, a mother tincture (Passiflora incarnata horn. HAB1, PFX, HPUS88) is used for such purposes as calming and to promote sleep (Meier et al. 1995,47).
Constituents
It was once thought that harmane alkaloids were the active constituents in Passiflora incarnata and other species (Lohdefink and Rating 1974; cf. (3-carbolines, harmine and harmaline). |
Dr. Gary Null
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| Assessment of the Hypnotic/Sedative Effects and Toxicity of Passiflora Edulis Aqueous Extract in Rodents and Humans," phytotherapy Research 5 (1991): 262-66.
Animal research showed Harpagophytum procum-bensto have anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. At 200 mg/kg, its effect was similar to a 68-mg/kg dose of the analgesic acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin).
M. C. Lanhers et al., "Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Effects of an Aqueous Extract of Harpagophytum Procum-bens," Planta Med. 58 (1992): 117-123. |
Gary Null
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 She has a degree in phytotherapy from Britain's College of Herbal Medicine and is a member of the National Institute of Medical Herbalists.
Nutritionally, she says, the first place to start is with fat-soluble vitamins, particularly A and E. These can be taken in supplement form or in foods.
"I recommend eating six pieces of organic fruit every day. Any fruit a man likes: oranges, apples, papayas, blueberries, pears, all through the list. Go out and spend money on the most inviting fruits available in the market. |
Schuyler W. Lininger, Jr. DC
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 Schilcher H. phytotherapy in Paediatrics. Stuttgart: Medpharm Scientific Publishers, 1997, 38.
3. Wichtl M, Bisset N, eds. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharma-ceuticals. Stuttgart: Medpharm Scientific Publishers and Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1994.
4. Muller-Limmroth W, Frohlich HH. Effect of various phytotherapeu-tic expectorants on mucocililary transport. Portschr Med 1980; 98: 95-101 [in German].
5. Boatto G et al. Composition and antibacterial activity of Inula helenium and Rosmarinus officinalis essential oils. Fitoterapia 1994; 6: 279-80.
6. Zgorniak-Nowosielska I et al. |
| Schilcher H. phytotherapy in Paediatrics. Stuttgart: Medpharm Scientific Publishers, 1997, 80.
Common Cold/Sore Throat
1. Hemila H. Does vitamin C alleviate the symptoms of the common cold?—A review of current evidence. Scand J Infect Dis 1994; 26: 1-6.
2. Macknin ML. Zinc lozenges for the common cold. Cleveland Clin J Med 1999; 66: 27-32 [review].
3. Eby G, Davis DR, Halcomb WW. Reduction in duration of common colds by zinc gluconate lozenges in a double-blind study. Antimicrobial Agents Chemotherapy 1984; 25: 20-24.
4. Al-Nakib W, Higgins PG, Barrow I, et al. |
| German doctors practicing phytotherapy (herbal medicine) have recommended chamomile (p. 409) for individuals with colitis.26 A cup of strong tea drunk 3 times per day is standard, along with enemas. Enemas of oil of St. John's wort (p. 461) may also be beneficial.27 Consult with a doctor of natural medicine before using St. John's wort oil enemas. Are There Any Side Effects or Interactions? Refer to the individual herb for information about any side effects or interactions.
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are infections of the kidney, bladder, and urethra. |
Textbook of Natural Medicine 2nd Edition Volume 1Michael T. Murray, ND
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| Activation of immunoresponder cells by the protein fraction from aged garlic extract. phytotherapy Res 1987;
1: 161-164
25. Lau BH, Yamasaki T, Teel RW. Allium sativum (garlic) and cancer prevention. Nutr Res 1990; 10: 937-948
26. Dorant E, van den Brandt PA, Goldbohm RA et al. Garlic and its significance for the prevention of cancer in humans, a critical review. Br ) Cancer 1993; 67: 424-429
27. Dausch JG, Nixon DW. Garlic. A review of its relationship to malignant disease. Prev Med 1990; 19: 346-61
28. You WC, Blot WJ, Chang YS et al. Allium vegetables and reduced risk of stomach cancer. |
Schuyler W. Lininger, Jr. DC
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| Bohnert KJ, Hahn G. phytotherapy in gynecology and obstetrics—Vitex agnus castus. Erfahrungsheilkunde 1990; 39: 494-502.
31. Dittmar FW, Bohnert KJ, et al. Pre-menstrual syndrome: Treatment with a phytopharmaceuti-cal. Therapiwoche Gyndkol 1992; 5: 60-68.
32. Qi-bing M, Jing-yi T, Bo C. Advance in the pharmacological studies of radix Angelica sisnensis (oliv) diels (Chinese danggui). Chin Med J 1991; 104: 776-81.
Fibromyalgia
1. Wolfe F, Ross K, Anderson J, Russell J. Aspects of fibromyalgia in the general population: Sex, pain threshold, and FM symptoms. / Rheumatol 1995; 22(1): 151-55. |
Thomas Bartram
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 Chairman, Board of Governors, School of phytotherapy. Founder member of ESCOP and member of the Executive and General Council.
MITOGENICS. Cell proliferants. Comfrey, Marigold.
MITRAL DISEASE. A serious defect of the mitral valve of the heart. Two kinds: (1) a permanently deformed narrowed valve (mitral stenosis), or (2) a dilated, over-stretched or distorted valve through enlargement of the left ventricle. In this case imperfect closure causes back pressure which produces chest symptoms. Incompetence leads to enlargement of the heart. Often a legacy from rheumatic fever in children. |
Christian Ratsch
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| In Western phytotherapy, kava preparations are used to treat states of nervous anxiety, tension, and restlessness (Holzl et al. 1993, 210; Schmidt 1994) and—according to the claims of certain pill manufacturers—to increase concentration and performance (Hansel and Woelck 1995). Preparations in which kava is combined with St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) are used as mild antidepressants (cf. Becker 1994, 3*). The essence or mother tincture (Piper methysticum horn. HAB34, Piper methysticum horn. |
| In Western phytotherapy, tinctures of monkshood are used externally to ease the pains of gout, sciatica, and neuralgia and to treat feverish colds in their onset. They are less frequently used internally (Pahlow 1993, 116*).
In homeopathy, Aconitum napellus horn, is used in dilutions of D3 and greater in accordance with the medical descriptions to treat nervous and psychic ailments, e.g., as a result of anger, fright, agitation, or neuralgia (Pahlow 1993,116*; Roth et al. 1994, 89*). Hahnemann had high praise for the agent, for "its powers to help are miraculous" (Buchmann 1983, 29*). |
| More recently, an extract of Boswellia serrata (H 15)51 has been used with success in Western medicine and phytotherapy to treat rheumatoid arthritis (Etzel 1996). Essential oils distilled from a number of different types of frankincense are also becoming increasingly important in aromatherapy (Watt and Sellar 1996).
In traditional Chinese medicine, frankincense is generally regarded as a stimulant, and it is used to treat leprosy, skin diseases, menstrual cramps, coughs, and lower abdominal pains. The smoke or the essential oil is inhaled for coughs. |
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